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The University of Massachusetts Boston, also known as UMass Boston, is an urban public research university and the third-largest campus in the five-campus University of Massachusetts system.〔Moore, Galen, ("The 10 biggest colleges and universities in Mass." ), ''Boston Business Journal'', Wednesday, May 30, 2012〕 The university is located on on the Columbia Point peninsula in the City of Boston, Massachusetts, United States. UMass Boston is the only public university in Boston.〔There are three other public educational institutions in the city of Boston: Roxbury Community College, Bunker Hill Community College, and the Massachusetts College of Art and Design. There are also many private colleges and universities in and around the city.〕 Students are primarily from Massachusetts but some are from other parts of the United States or foreign countries. ==History== The University of Massachusetts Boston was established by vote of the state legislature in 1964. Freshmen classes started for 1,227 undergraduate students in September 1965 at a renovated building in the Park Square area of downtown Boston. The Founding Day Convocation was held December 10, 1966, at the Prudential Center in Boston. John W. Ryan was installed as the university's first chancellor.〔("UMB Founding Day Convocation" ), ''The Mass Media'' newspaper, v. 1, issue 1, November 16, 1966.〕 UMass Boston is part of the Greater Boston Urban Education Collaborative,〔Davidson, Patricia S., ("The Greater Boston Urban Education Collaborative" ), ''Education'', Spring 1998〕 In 1982 it merged with Boston State College (est. 1852). In 1974, it opened its new campus at the Columbia Point peninsula on Dorchester Bay. The university originally occupied five buildings: McCormack Hall, Wheatley Hall, the Science Center, Healey Library, and the Quinn Administration Building. The original Harbor Campus buildings were said to have had sparse and unattractive interiors, with odd mazes of hallways; the campus was known as "the fortress" or "the prison" colloquially.〔("UMass starts design on new science building" ), ''The Dorchester Reporter'', August 14, 2008. "Now that Gov. Deval Patrick has signed the $2.2 billion higher education bond bill - $125 million of which will go for improvements at the UMass Boston campus - college administrators are hot to trot to begin transforming the 70s-era Columbia Point campus that is often referred to as a 'fortress' or a 'prison.'"〕 They were rumored to have been designed by architects who were primarily familiar with prisons, although the library had been designed by the Chicago modernist architect Harry Mohr Weese.〔Cf. ("Statements from The Library at University of Massachusetts Boston Harbor Campus published in 1974 when the library opened" ). "Healey Library -- Opened Spring 1974 -- Architect: Harry Weese. Statements from The Library at University of Massachusetts Boston Harbor Campus published in 1974 when the library opened. Harry Weese, Architect: "''The library at the University of Massachusetts' Dorchester campus manages to occupy the central position, not at the end of the axis, but between two structural building continiuums linked by second-story access, facing a plaza. It remains the nexus, the place of quiet, redolent of knowledge.''"〕 At one point in his career, Weese had designed the Metropolitan Correction Center in Chicago. McKee-Berger-Mansueto, Inc. (MBM), the company contracted to supervise construction of the new campus, came under fire after its contract with the Commonwealth was criticized in a series of newspaper articles for being abnormally favorable towards MBM. A special legislative committee was formed to investigative the contract. A scandal erupted after it was learned that MBM paid State Senators Joseph DiCarlo and Ronald MacKenzie $40,000 in exchange for a favorable report from the committee. DiCarlo and MacKenzie were convicted of extortion.〔Viser, Matt; and Phillips, Frank, ("Waves of scandal rattle Beacon Hill" ), ''The Boston Globe'', November 2, 2008. "The State House was engulfed in scandal in the 1970's over bribes given to legislators by the contractor building the University of Massachusetts' Boston campus. The Senate majority leader, Joseph J.C. DiCarlo of Revere; a ranking Senate Republican leader, Ronald A. MacKenzie; and James A. Kelly Jr., the Senate Ways and Means chairman, all were convicted in federal court and sentenced to jail time."〕 The Clark Athletic Center was added later, including an ice hockey arena, swimming pool, and basketball courts. It also hosted the first presidential debate between then Texas Governor George W. Bush and Vice President Al Gore in 2000. The cancellation of two days of classes in order to create security for the debate resulted in a protest by UMass Boston students, faculty, and staff members at the UMass President's office in downtown Boston. The original buildings fell into disrepair, and there are plans for replacement. Allegations of shoddy construction surfaced again in 2006 when the underground parking garage had to be closed because it had become structurally unsound. All parking is now outdoors, except for the Campus Center garage. In 2004, a new Campus Center was opened, designed by the Boston-based architectural firm of Kallmann McKinnell & Wood〔Kallmann McKinnell & Wood, Architects, Inc., ("University of Massachusetts, Boston Campus Center" ) - architect's description〕 and built by Suffolk Construction at a cost of $80 million. It houses offices, restaurants in a food court, event space, student clubs, and activities space. It also serves as the new entrance for the campus and was the first major building erected since the original Harbor Campus was built in the 1970s. In January 2015 the university opened its first new academic building since the original campus was built, a research facility named the Integrated Sciences Complex. A second new academic building, University Hall, is expected to open in 2016, and the first residential halls on campus are in the planning stage. On June 2, 2006, Barack Obama addressed his commencement speech at UMass Boston to the graduating students. In his speech, he talked about several things including his speech at the Democratic National Convention in Boston in 2004.〔(Transcript of Barack Obama commencement remarks at UMASS/Boston ) - University of Massachusetts Boston, June 2, 2006, Boston, Massachusetts〕 In 2007, the university proposed a plan to change the nature of the campus from primarily a commuter campus with many parking lots for cars to a more residential campus with dormitory-style living.〔("Developing a Strategic Plan for UMass Boston" ), UMASS Boston website, 2008〕〔("Alternative Campus Concepts" ), UMass Boston, Master Plan, ''Needs & Opportunities'', Campus Master Plan Workshop, September 24, 2007〕〔("UMass Boston Campus Master Plan" ), Master Plan Subcommittee Review, July 12, 2007.〕 J. Keith Motley is the university's first African American chancellor. In 2009, the nearby Bayside Expo Center property was lost in a foreclosure to a Florida-based real estate firm, LNR/CMAT. The University of Massachusetts Boston has acquired the property for future campus facilities.〔Forry, Ed, ("UMass-Boston seeks to buy Bayside Expo; Motley says no plans for dorms" ), ''The Dorchester Reporter'', December 16, 2009〕〔Anderson, Hil, ("Boston’s Bayside Expo Site Sold to University" ), ''Trade Show Executive News'', January 2010.〕 In 2014 and 2015, UMass Boston celebrated its fiftieth anniversary and published its first history of the founding and growth of the university, entitled ''UMass Boston at 50''. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「University of Massachusetts Boston」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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